See ch- on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_text": "Reduction of ich.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ich",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "Iche",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "che",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ch",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "'ch-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"17": "",
"18": "",
"19": "",
"2": "pronoun",
"20": "",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
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},
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},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ch-",
"name": "en-pron"
}
],
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "chad"
},
{
"word": "cham"
},
{
"word": "chard"
},
{
"word": "chave"
},
{
"word": "chell"
},
{
"word": "chill"
},
{
"word": "chould"
},
{
"word": "chwas"
}
],
"glosses": [
"I; clitic form of ich."
],
"id": "en-ch--en-pron-QX5DWEr9",
"links": [
[
"I",
"I"
],
[
"ich",
"ich#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "attached to following verb",
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, attached to following verb) I; clitic form of ich."
],
"related": [
{
"word": "utchy"
}
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tʃ/"
}
],
"word": "ch-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "bnt-sab-pro",
"3": "*ki-<alt:*ky->",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Sabaki *ky-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "bnt-sab-pro",
"3": "*ki-<alt:*ky->"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Sabaki *ky-",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*kɪ̀-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Bantu *kɪ̀-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zdj",
"2": "sh-"
},
"expansion": "Ngazidja Comorian sh-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dig",
"2": "ch-"
},
"expansion": "Digo ch-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Sabaki *ky-, from Proto-Bantu *kɪ̀-. Cognate with Ngazidja Comorian sh- and Digo ch-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vy-",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ki-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "prefix",
"3": "plural",
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},
"expansion": "ch- (plural vy-)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swahili",
"lang_code": "sw",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swahili entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
2
]
],
"english": "a room",
"text": "chumba",
"translation": "a room",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
7
]
],
"english": "a good thing",
"text": "kitu chema",
"translation": "a good thing",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ki-vi class|ki class_((VII))]] noun prefix and adjective agreement prefix used before a vowel in certain words"
],
"id": "en-ch--sw-prefix-SS6LwQSQ",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ch-"
}
{
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{
"args": {
"1": "mch",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ch-",
"name": "head"
}
],
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"lang_code": "mch",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ye'kwana entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ye'kwana terms in nonstandard scripts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Allomorph of y- (third-person prefix) used for stems that begin with a vowel ö."
],
"id": "en-ch--mch-prefix-yzzMVoNt",
"links": [
[
"y-",
"y-#Ye'kwana:_third-person_prefix"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Ethnos360"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[t͡ʃ-]"
}
],
"word": "ch-"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "chad"
},
{
"word": "cham"
},
{
"word": "chard"
},
{
"word": "chave"
},
{
"word": "chell"
},
{
"word": "chill"
},
{
"word": "chould"
},
{
"word": "chwas"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Reduction of ich.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ich",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "Iche",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "che",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ch",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "'ch-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"17": "",
"18": "",
"19": "",
"2": "pronoun",
"20": "",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "ch-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ch-",
"name": "en-pron"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "pron",
"related": [
{
"word": "utchy"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English pronouns",
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"I; clitic form of ich."
],
"links": [
[
"I",
"I"
],
[
"ich",
"ich#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "attached to following verb",
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, attached to following verb) I; clitic form of ich."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tʃ/"
}
],
"word": "ch-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
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"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Sabaki *ky-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "bnt-sab-pro",
"3": "*ki-<alt:*ky->"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Sabaki *ky-",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*kɪ̀-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Bantu *kɪ̀-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zdj",
"2": "sh-"
},
"expansion": "Ngazidja Comorian sh-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dig",
"2": "ch-"
},
"expansion": "Digo ch-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Sabaki *ky-, from Proto-Bantu *kɪ̀-. Cognate with Ngazidja Comorian sh- and Digo ch-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vy-",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ki-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "prefix",
"3": "plural",
"4": "vy-"
},
"expansion": "ch- (plural vy-)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swahili",
"lang_code": "sw",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
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"Pages with entries",
"Swahili entries with incorrect language header",
"Swahili lemmas",
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"Swahili terms derived from Proto-Sabaki",
"Swahili terms inherited from Proto-Bantu",
"Swahili terms inherited from Proto-Sabaki",
"Swahili terms with usage examples"
],
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{
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]
],
"english": "a room",
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"translation": "a room",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
7
]
],
"english": "a good thing",
"text": "kitu chema",
"translation": "a good thing",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ki-vi class|ki class_((VII))]] noun prefix and adjective agreement prefix used before a vowel in certain words"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ch-"
}
{
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{
"args": {
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},
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"name": "head"
}
],
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{
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"Pages with entries",
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"Ye'kwana terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
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],
"links": [
[
"y-",
"y-#Ye'kwana:_third-person_prefix"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Ethnos360"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[t͡ʃ-]"
}
],
"word": "ch-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ch- meaning in All languages combined (4.0kB)
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"path": [
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],
"section": "Swahili",
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"title": "ch-",
"trace": ""
}
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}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.